optimization theory

A mathematical technique for determining the most profitable or least disadvantageous choice out of a set of alternatives. Typically the set of alternatives is restricted by several constraints on the values of a number of variables and an objective function locates the optimum in the remaining set. The method is largely used in operations research and systems analysis , e.g., for optimal scheduling of production processes (see pert ), for determining the best way for transporting a certain commodity. (Krippendorff )