machine

(1) a state-determined system; any system showing behavior such that the specification of a state determines the subsequent state; a set of states closed under a mapping. (Ashby, Handout, l96l) (2) a unity in the physical space, defined by its organization, which connotes a non-animistic outlook, and whose dynamisms are apparent. (Maturana and Varela, 1979)

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(ideal) A deterministic and state-determined system, a set of states closed under a mapping (Ashby). The behavior of an ideal machine is fully determined by knowing its transformation and its initial state. (Krippendorff)

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